Cameroon

National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan

Sub-Saharan AfricaApplies 2025–2030Source: Stratégie et Plan d'Action National pour la Biodiversité

Translated from French

1. Overview

Cameroon's third National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (Stratégie et Plan d'Action National pour la Biodiversité, NBSAP III, 2025–2030) was developed by the Ministry of the Environment, Nature Protection and Sustainable Development (MINEPDED) with support from the Global Environment Facility and the United Nations Environment Programme [§7]. The strategy was finalised in December 2025 following a process initiated in November 2023 under the Global Biodiversity Framework Early Action Support project, proceeding through four phases: rapid review of the previous NBSAP, assessment of monitoring and surveillance systems, policy and institutional alignment, and review of biodiversity financing [§7].

The NBSAP defines 28 national commitments* organised under five strategic axes***Cameroon organises its NBSAP around five "axes stratégiques" (strategic axes), which group its national commitments thematically rather than mapping one-to-one to GBF Goals A–D.Cameroon's NBSAP calls these "objectifs nationaux" (national objectives). This page uses "national commitment" to avoid confusion with the 23 GBF Targets.: (i) reducing threats to biodiversity and ecosystem services, (ii) restoring degraded ecosystems and improving ecosystem services, (iii) developing and capitalising on biodiversity information and knowledge, (iv) biodiversity and ecosystem services governance, and (v) resource mobilisation for biodiversity financing [§6][§102]. Each commitment is mapped to one or more GBF Targets. The strategy aligns with the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, the Sustainable Development Goals, and Cameroon's National Development Strategy 2030 [§6][§7].

The strategy identifies deforestation, overexploitation, pollution, invasive alien species, uncontrolled urbanisation, and climate change as key pressures [§6]. On financing, the NBSAP sets a target of USD 120–150 million per year mobilised for biodiversity, up from a baseline of USD 30–50 million, and proposes innovative mechanisms including payments for ecosystem services, biodiversity credits, debt-for-nature swaps, and green bonds [§6][§114].

Cameroon's NBSAP is notable for the density of its commitment structure — 28 national commitments across five strategic axes — and for a deliberate divergence from the GBF's 30×30 target: it commits to 30% terrestrial but 20% marine protection. The strategy proposes a central bank (BEAC) committee on biodiversity-related credits to the private banking sector, an institutional mechanism not commonly found in NBSAPs, and quantifies harmful subsidies at 300–600 billion FCFA per year with a commitment to redirect at least half.

Sources:

  • §6 — Summary
  • §7 — Introduction
  • §102 — Chapter III: Strategic and Operational Framework for Biodiversity to 2030
  • §114 — National Biodiversity Monitoring and Surveillance Plan

2. Ecological Context

Cameroon occupies a pivotal position in Central Africa, often referred to as "Africa in miniature" — the country harbours approximately 92% of African ecosystem types across five major geomorphological units, from coastal plains and the Congo forest basin to the Cameroon Volcanic Line (peaking at Mount Cameroon, 4,095 m) and the Sudano-Sahelian plains [§7][§29]. Three climatic regimes — humid equatorial, humid tropical transitional, and Sudano-Sahelian — underpin this ecological mosaic [§29].

The NBSAP recognises six major ecosystem groups. Dense tropical rainforests span approximately 21 million hectares (42% of the territory), including intact forest blocks such as the TRIDOM complex and the Dja Massif [§37]. Marine and coastal ecosystems cover approximately 9,670 km², with 395,183 hectares of mangroves concentrated in the Wouri, Sanaga, Ntem, and Rio del Rey estuaries [§32][§34]. Mountain ecosystems extend over approximately 55,000 km² with exceptional endemism — more than 2,500 plant species on the mountain massifs, of which nearly 400 are endemic to Mount Cameroon alone [§45][§46]. The volcanic lakes of western Cameroon (Barombi Mbo, Dissoni, Oku) are internationally recognised cichlid diversification hotspots [§60]. Semi-arid ecosystems cover approximately 95,000 km² and are home to more than six million inhabitants [§66].

An estimated 80% of the rural population derives the bulk of its livelihoods from natural resources [§85]. Total fishery production reached 233,420 tonnes in 2021 [§34]. Dense tropical forests store approximately three billion tonnes of carbon [§41].

Forest cover declined from 22.5 to 18 million hectares between 2000 and 2023, an average loss of 180,000 hectares per year [§76]. The NBSAP attributes biodiversity loss to habitat loss and fragmentation (70%), overexploitation (20%), and pollution and climate change (10%) [§76]. At the species level, the IUCN Red List includes 295 animal species and 846 plant species threatened with extinction in Cameroon [§75]. Large mammal populations have fallen by 60%, aquatic ecosystems have lost 25% of their ecological functionality, and wetlands have declined by 30% [§76]. In Campo Ma'an National Park, elephant density declined by an estimated 64% and great ape density by 60% between 2014 and 2020 [§96]. Lake Chad declined from 26,000 km² in 1960 to approximately 1,700 km² [§97].

Principal drivers include land use change through industrial agriculture and unsustainable expansion of agricultural and pastoral activities [§79], overexploitation of high-value species including ayous, sapelli, Prunus africana, and Gnetum africana [§80], pollution from domestic and industrial effluents exceeding two million tonnes per year in Yaoundé and Douala [§81], and the proliferation of invasive alien species including water hyacinth and the Nypa palm (Nypa fruticans) colonising Rio del Rey mangroves [§83].

Sources:

  • §7 — Introduction
  • §29 — Chapter II: Current Status and Trends of National Biodiversity
  • §32, §34 — Marine and Coastal Ecosystems
  • §37 — Dense Humid Tropical Forest Ecosystems
  • §41 — Regulating Services (Forest)
  • §45, §46 — Mountain Ecosystems
  • §60 — Freshwater Ecosystems: Richness and Importance
  • §66 — Semi-Arid Ecosystems
  • §75, §76 — Trends and Issues in Biodiversity Management
  • §79–§83 — Causes and Consequences of Biodiversity Loss
  • §85 — Demographic Pressure
  • §96 — Trends: Dense Humid Tropical Forest
  • §97 — Trends: Freshwater Ecosystem

Conflict, Displacement, and Conservation Pressure

The NBSAP identifies armed conflict as an indirect driver of biodiversity loss [§90]. The Boko Haram insurgency in the Far North and the sociopolitical crisis in the North-West and South-West regions have displaced populations into the peripheral zones of protected areas, increasing pressure on ecosystems in the Sahelian and Lake Chad zones and affecting the operational viability of parks including Waza, Korup, and the Campo Ma'an corridors [§90]. The RESILAC programme addresses socio-ecological resilience in the Far North and Logone basin border areas in response to this security-biodiversity intersection [§72].

Sources:

  • §72 — Conservation and Restoration Initiatives (Semi-Arid Ecosystems)
  • §90 — Causes and Consequences of Biodiversity Loss: Insecurity and Displaced Populations

3. National Commitments and GBF Alignment

The 28 national commitments are organised under five strategic axes [§105]. Given the density of commitments, this section groups them thematically.

Conditions of Nature

Commitment 1 (GBF Target 3 — Protected areas): Conserve approximately 30% of terrestrial and coastal ecosystems and 20% of marine ecosystems through the existing protected area network and OECMs. Terrestrial PA area is to increase from 51,088 km² to 139,457.69 km², and marine PA area from 1,737 km² to 3,039.37 km². The marine target of 20% represents a deliberate national calibration below the GBF's 30%. The ecoguard force is to double from 1,500 to 3,000, and at least 15 OECMs are to be created covering approximately 5% of national territory [§105][§106]. Measurable commitment.

Commitment 2 (Target 4 — Species recovery): Reverse the extinction trend for known threatened species, improving the Red List Index from 0.67 to 0.72 and reducing the threat rate by 30%. Anti-poaching patrols are to increase from 8,000 to 15,000 per year across 25 priority sites, and human-wildlife conflict prevention devices from 120 to 400. A national forest seed gene bank is planned (from 0 to 1 operational) [§105][§106]. Measurable commitment.

Commitment 5 (Targets 2 and 11 — Ecosystem restoration / Ecosystem services): Restore approximately 30% of degraded ecosystems by 2030, from a baseline of 1,663,120 ha to at least 3,618,830 ha. Riverbank revegetation is to reach 1,500 km, and 1,000,000 ha of restored areas are to be secured by IPLCs. Named restoration programmes span all six major ecosystem types, from the CAMERR mangrove project to the Great Green Wall Initiative [§105][§106]. Measurable commitment.

Pressures

Commitment 3 (Target 7 — Pollution reduction): Reduce the incidence of multiform pollution, particularly plastic waste, nutrients, and pesticides. Waste collection is to increase from 40% to 70%, recycling from below 10% to 30%, and bio-input usage from 10% to 40%. The National Strategy to Combat Plastic Pollution (SNLPP, 2022) and the Zero Marine Plastic Programme provide the policy foundations [§105][§106]. Directional aspiration — the headline commitment uses "significantly reduce" without a single threshold, though sub-indicators are quantified.

Commitment 4 (Target 8 — Climate and biodiversity): Contribute to the NDC's 35% GHG reduction commitment by 2030 and promote ecosystem resilience. Actions include establishing 250 community fuelwood parks, distributing 3,000 biogas units, and developing 3–5 SEEA natural capital accounts [§105][§106]. Measurable commitment.

Commitment 6 (Target 6 — Invasive alien species): Halve the level of infestation in areas exposed to IAS and reduce new introductions by 50% by 2030. The entire IAS institutional apparatus is to be built from scratch: zero quarantine protocols, zero blacklists/whitelists, and zero biosecurity information system at baseline. Named IAS include water hyacinth, Nypa palm, Striga, and Tithonia diversifolia [§105][§106]. Measurable commitment.

Commitment 7 (Target 12 — Urban biodiversity): Create at least 1,500 ha of green spaces and conserve 3,000 ha of urban blue spaces/wetlands, with GIS mapping covering 100% of regional capitals and 70% of main municipalities [§105]. Measurable commitment.

Tools and Solutions

Commitment 8 (Target 10 — Sustainable agriculture/fisheries/forestry): Promote sustainable management of production systems. Sector-specific targets include 40% of agricultural land managed sustainably, 5 million ha of livestock land, and 60 fishing zones. Subsidy programmes total 75 billion FCFA over 2025–2030 across agriculture, livestock, and fisheries cooperatives [§105]. Directional aspiration — headline uses "promote" without an aggregate threshold.

Commitments 9, 18, 27 (Target 13 — ABS): Four national commitments collectively make ABS one of the most extensively programmed areas. Commitment 9 targets 30 research programmes and 40 ABS permits per year. Commitment 18 establishes a functional ABS checkpoint system operational by 2030, with 100% of certificates published. Commitment 27 targets at least 1.5 billion FCFA/year shared under ABS agreements, up from 300–800 million. The legal foundation includes the 2021 Nagoya Protocol implementing law and the 2023 National ABS Committee [§20][§25][§105]. Commitments 18 and 27: measurable commitments. Commitment 9: directional aspiration.

Commitments 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (Targets 16, 17, 20, 21): A cluster of directional aspirations covering sustainable consumption (30% waste reduction, 20% single-use substitution), biosafety (75% management effectiveness, 10–40 LMOs detected per year), capacity building, technology transfer (50 workshops, 300 datasets), and biodiversity data systems (6 interoperable platforms). Each contains quantified sub-indicators, but the headline commitments use promotional framing [§105]. All directional aspirations.

Governance

Commitments 15–17, 19–21 (Targets 1, 5, 9, 14, 15, 17): Governance commitments addressing spatial planning (30 spatial plans integrating biodiversity), fisheries regulation (80% compliance rate), wild species legal frameworks (100% permit digitisation), mainstreaming (15 policies integrating biodiversity, 80 decentralised local authorities supported), business sustainability (80 enterprises with assessment plans, 70% certified exports), and biosafety institutional frameworks. A new dedicated national biosafety body is planned [§105]. All directional aspirations.

Commitment 22 (Target 22 — Inclusive participation): Ensure that at least 70% of NBSAP processes include effective IPLC participation, from a baseline of 20–30%. A dedicated window for IPLC-related issues is to be created in the environmental information system [§105]. Measurable commitment.

Commitment 23 (Target 23 — Gender equality): Achieve 35–40% women's representation in biodiversity governance bodies, from a baseline of 15–20%, and train 600–800 women for decision-making roles. A dedicated Gender Action Plan supports implementation [§105][§121]. Measurable commitment.

Finance

Commitment 24 (Target 19 — Finance mobilisation): Increase financing from USD 30–50 million to USD 120–150 million per year, mobilised in a diversified and traceable manner [§105][§114]. Measurable commitment.

Commitment 25 (Target 19): Establish a legal framework for innovative financing — PES, green bonds, biodiversity credits, debt-for-nature swaps — targeting USD 40 million per year through these instruments [§105]. Directional aspiration.

Commitment 26 (Target 18 — Harmful subsidies): Identify 100% and redirect at least 50% of harmful subsidies, estimated at 300–600 billion FCFA per year (6–10% of the public budget). A multi-stakeholder consultation framework is to be established for reorientation [§105][§114]. Measurable commitment.

Commitment 28 (Target 15/19): Incentivise businesses and financial institutions to mobilise USD 150–200 million per year, up from USD 20–40 million. The NBSAP proposes a BEAC–State of Cameroon committee on biodiversity-related credits to the private banking sector, targeting USD 100–150 million per year in national bank financing [§105][§108]. Measurable commitment.

Sources:

  • §20 — Fundamental Legal Texts
  • §25 — National ABS Committee
  • §105 — Strategic Axes, National Biodiversity Objectives and Their Alignment
  • §106 — Action Plan Matrix (part 1/3)
  • §108 — Action Plan Matrix (part 3/3)
  • §114 — National Biodiversity Monitoring and Surveillance Plan
  • §121 — Gender Action Plan

4. Delivery Architecture

Legislative Framework

The Framework Law on Environmental Management (Law No. 96/12 of 5 August 1996) establishes general principles for environmental protection and creates the National Environment and Sustainable Development Fund [§20]. Three laws directly implement CBD protocols: the 2021 ABS law implementing the Nagoya Protocol, the 2025 biosafety law aligning with the Cartagena Protocol, and the 2003 biotechnology safety regime law [§20].

Recent sectoral legislation includes the 2024 Forestry and Wildlife Law (Law No. 2024/008) covering conservation, traceability of forest products, and integration of customary rights; the 2024 Fisheries and Aquaculture Law (Law No. 2024/019); the 2023 Mining Code with its fund for mining site restoration; and the 2025 Organic Production Law governing quality, traceability, and certification [§21]. A 2025 decree requires project owners to demonstrate the capacity to avoid biodiversity loss through a dedicated Management Plan [§20].

Institutional Architecture

The National Permanent Committee on Biodiversity (CNPB), established in October 2023, serves as the apex coordination body. Chaired by MINEPDED and vice-chaired by the Secretaries General of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Economy, it comprises fifteen statutory members and coordinates NBSAP implementation, progress monitoring, and financing plan execution [§24]. Ten sectoral ministries hold specific biodiversity mandates spanning forests, agriculture, fisheries, water, mining, infrastructure, research, economic policy, tourism, and environment [§23].

Specialised bodies include the National ABS Committee (2023), the National Biosafety Committee (2012), the Steering Committee for the Clearing-House Mechanism (2021), the National Platform of the Science-Policy Interface on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (PN-SPBES, 2017), and the National One Health Platform [§25–§28].

Flagship Programmes

Conservation and restoration programmes span all ecosystem types. The National REDD+ Strategy directs sustainable forest management and landscape restoration [§14]. The Great Green Wall Initiative and Operation Green Sahel target ecological restoration in the Sahelo-Sudanian corridor [§72]. Marine programmes include the CAMERR mangrove restoration project (1,000 ha), the Blue Carbon Cameroon Project (2023–2028), and the Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project [§36]. More than 300 community forests cover approximately 1.1 million hectares [§44]. The RESILAC Programme addresses socio-ecological resilience in the Lake Chad basin [§72].

Sources:

  • §14 — National REDD+ Strategy
  • §20–§21 — Legal and Institutional Framework
  • §23–§28 — Biodiversity Governance Structures
  • §36 — Marine/Coastal Conservation Initiatives
  • §44 — Dense Forest Conservation Initiatives
  • §72 — Semi-Arid Conservation Initiatives

5. Monitoring and Accountability

The monitoring and surveillance system follows the architecture established by COP15 Decision 15/5, incorporating headline, binary, and complementary indicators [§110]. The National Biodiversity Information System (SNIB) centralises spatial data, biological inventories, community observations, and ecological monitoring results [§110].

Governance operates at three levels: (i) operational — technical services, decentralised authorities, civil society, and local communities conduct field monitoring; (ii) sectoral — ministries collect, validate, and integrate sectoral data; and (iii) strategic — the CNPB consolidates information, validates results, analyses trends, and produces national dashboards [§110]. The CNPB Technical Secretariat ensures harmonisation, validation, and integration of data across sectors [§110].

The monitoring plan provides detailed indicator sheets for each of the 28 national commitments, specifying collection methods, data sources, institutional responsibilities, baseline values, target values, and collection frequencies. Frequencies vary by indicator: annual for most activity-level indicators, biennial or triennial for ecological assessments, and five-yearly for strategic reviews [§110–§119].

The reporting architecture produces three types of outputs: a biennial implementation report accessible to CBD bodies, a comprehensive national report every four years aligned with the GBF calendar, and a triennial national review for internal progress assessment [§123].

Sources:

  • §110 — National Biodiversity Monitoring and Surveillance Plan
  • §119 — Monitoring Plan (continued)
  • §123 — National Reporting

6. Finance and Resource Mobilisation

The NBSAP dedicates five national commitments (24–28) and a full chapter to biodiversity financing [§120]. Current mobilisation is estimated at approximately USD 30–50 million per year "without formal national consolidation," with a target of at least USD 120–150 million per year [§114].

A National Biodiversity Financing Plan is under development with support from the UNDP–BIOFIN Initiative, covering needs assessment, existing flow analysis, gap identification, and resource mobilisation planning. No completion date is specified, and no consolidated cost estimate for NBSAP III implementation exists [§120].

The strategy commits to establishing a legal framework for innovative financing mechanisms — PES, green and blue bonds, biodiversity offsets and credits, benefit-sharing mechanisms, and debt-for-nature swaps — with a draft bill and at least five implementing regulatory texts. Current innovative mechanism mobilisation is approximately USD 2–5 million per year on a pilot basis, with a target of USD 40 million per year [§114].

On harmful subsidies, Cameroon estimates 300–600 billion FCFA per year (6–10% of the public budget) as potentially harmful to biodiversity, committing to identify 100% and redirect at least 50% [§114]. A national audit of existing subsidies across agriculture, energy, and transport is planned.

The NBSAP proposes a BEAC–State of Cameroon committee on biodiversity-related credits to the private banking sector, targeting USD 100–150 million per year in national bank financing [§108]. Additional private-sector measures include B2B forums, national eco-labels, and certification standards. The total annual mobilisation target across all channels exceeds USD 400 million.

GBF Target 19 receives extensive treatment through Commitments 24, 25, 27, and 28, with quantified baselines and targets for each financing stream.

Sources:

  • §6 — Summary
  • §108 — Action Plan Matrix (part 3/3)
  • §114 — National Biodiversity Monitoring and Surveillance Plan
  • §120 — Chapter V: Resource Mobilisation for NBSAP III Implementation

7. GBF Target Coverage

Target 1 — Spatial planning: Addressed. Commitment 15 targets at least 30 spatial development plans integrating biodiversity through participatory processes, up from 3–5. The National Land Use Plan (2021) guides land allocation and ecological corridor conservation. At least 25 protected areas are to have complete management plans by 2030, and at least 40 ESIAs are to integrate biodiversity management plans. A specific legal text on indigenous peoples' rights in biodiversity governance is planned.

Target 2 — Ecosystem restoration: Addressed. Commitment 5 sets a quantified target of 3,618,830 ha restored by 2030, from a baseline of 1,663,120 ha. Named programmes span all six ecosystem types, from the CAMERR mangrove project (1,000 ha) to the Great Green Wall and the AFR100 Programme. Riverbank stabilisation is given a linear target of 1,500 km.

Target 3 — Protected areas (30×30): Addressed. Commitment 1 sets targets of 30% terrestrial/coastal and 20% marine coverage. Terrestrial PA area is to reach 139,457.69 km²; marine PA area 3,039.37 km². At least 15 OECMs are to be created covering approximately 5% of territory. The ecoguard force is to double from 1,500 to 3,000. The 20% marine target represents a deliberate national calibration below the GBF's 30%.

Target 4 — Species recovery: Addressed. Commitment 2 targets an RLI improvement from 0.67 to 0.72, a 30% reduction in threat rate, and 15,000 anti-poaching patrols per year. Human-wildlife conflict prevention devices are to increase from 120 to 400. A forest seed gene bank is planned. The NBSAP does not address intraspecific genetic diversity maintenance.

Target 5 — Sustainable harvest: Addressed. Commitments 16 and 17 jointly address fisheries (Law No. 2024/019, 80% compliance target) and terrestrial wildlife (e-permit system at 70%, biosecurity protocols in 50% of parks). The One Health approach is integrated into wild species management.

Target 6 — Invasive alien species: Addressed. Commitment 6 targets 50% reduction in both infestation levels and new introductions by 2030. The institutional apparatus is built from scratch: quarantine protocols, IAS blacklists/whitelists, and a biosecurity information system are all at zero baseline. Named IAS include water hyacinth, Nypa palm, Striga, and Tithonia diversifolia.

Target 7 — Pollution reduction: Addressed. Commitment 3 addresses plastic waste, nutrients, and pesticides. Waste collection targets 70%, recycling 30%, bio-input usage 40%. The National Strategy to Combat Plastic Pollution (SNLPP, 2022) and the Zero Marine Plastic Programme provide the frameworks. A national waste exchange is planned for circular economy.

Target 8 — Climate and biodiversity: Addressed. Commitment 4 is anchored to the NDC's 35% GHG reduction by 2030. Actions include 250 community fuelwood parks, 3,000 biogas units, and 3–5 SEEA natural capital accounts. The National Climate Change Adaptation Plan integrates ecosystem protection as a cross-cutting component.

Target 9 — Wild species use: Mentioned. No dedicated national commitment corresponds to the sustainable management and use of wild species for livelihoods as framed by this target. Multiple ecosystem sections document the livelihood importance of NTFPs, medicinal plants, and wild foods, and the National NTFP Valorisation Programme operates in the Centre, South, and East regions.

Target 10 — Agriculture / forestry: Addressed. Commitment 8 targets 40% of agricultural land managed sustainably, 5 million ha of livestock land, and 60 fishing zones managed sustainably. Sector-specific cooperative subsidies total 75 billion FCFA over 2025–2030. Cocoa farming receives dedicated treatment with training of 3,000 technical advisers and at least 20 R&D programmes.

Target 11 — Ecosystem services (NbS): Addressed. Commitment 5 combines restoration with ecosystem services maintenance, targeting 3,618,830 ha restored. The PN-SPBES provides the science-policy interface for ecosystem services assessments. Ecosystem services documentation covers all six major ecosystem types, with carbon stocks quantified for forests (3 billion tonnes) and papyrus marshes (411 tC/ha).

Target 12 — Urban biodiversity: Addressed. Commitment 7 targets 1,500 ha of green spaces and 3,000 ha of blue spaces/wetlands, with standardised GIS mapping for regional capitals and municipalities. Separate databases are planned for green and blue space monitoring. The Ramsar Focal Point is involved in urban blue space planning.

Target 13 — Genetic resources / ABS: Addressed. Four national commitments (9, 18, 27, and portions of 12) make ABS one of the most extensively programmed areas. The 2021 Nagoya Protocol implementing law and the 2023 National ABS Committee provide the institutional foundation. The ABS checkpoint system is to be operational by 2030 with 100% of certificates published. ABS benefit-sharing is targeted at 1.5 billion FCFA/year.

Target 14 — Mainstreaming: Addressed. Two commitments (15 and 19) address mainstreaming. At least 15 national policies are to integrate biodiversity objectives, and 80 decentralised local authorities are to be supported. Biodiversity training modules are planned for public officials' schools (ENAM, IRIC, NASLA). The BIODEV 2030 Programme integrates biodiversity into priority sectors.

Target 15 — Business disclosure: Addressed. Two commitments (20 and 28) address business and biodiversity. At least 80 enterprises are targeted for biodiversity impact assessment plans. Supply chain certification targets 70% of cocoa, rubber, and oil palm export volumes from certified sources. Anti-greenwashing enforcement is included with quantified fine-recovery targets.

Target 16 — Sustainable consumption: Addressed. Commitment 10 targets 30% waste reduction, 20% substitution of single-use items, and establishment of 20 cold storage units with 25,000 tonnes capacity for post-harvest loss reduction. 100,000 stakeholders are to be trained on good post-harvest practices with 60% sustainable adoption at 12 months.

Target 17 — Biosafety: Addressed. Three commitments (11, 12, 21) address biosafety from operational, capacity-building, and institutional perspectives. The 2025 biosafety law is to be implemented through at least 5 decrees. A new dedicated national biosafety body is planned. Local laboratory capacity for LMO/GMO detection is to increase from 25% to 80%. A liability and compensation framework for biotechnological damages is planned.

Target 18 — Harmful subsidies: Addressed. Commitment 26 estimates harmful subsidies at 300–600 billion FCFA/year (6–10% of the public budget), with targets to identify 100% and redirect at least 50%. Positive incentive mobilisation targets 30–60 billion FCFA/year, a four-fold increase. A multi-stakeholder consultation framework for subsidy reorientation is planned.

Target 19 — Finance mobilisation: Addressed. Five commitments (24–28) address biodiversity financing, covering public budgets, international cooperation, innovative mechanisms, ABS benefit-sharing, and private sector mobilisation. Total annual mobilisation targets exceed USD 400 million across all channels. A draft bill on innovative financing mechanisms and the BEAC–State committee on biodiversity credits are planned. The National Biodiversity Financing Plan is under development with BIOFIN support.

Target 20 — Capacity and technology: Addressed. Commitments 12 and 13 target capacity building and technology transfer. A dedicated Capacity Building Plan addresses training in ecological monitoring, biosafety, ABS, and the green economy. Priority technologies include advanced remote sensing, environmental alert systems, and ecological modelling tools. At least 50 workshops, 20 cooperation agreements, and 300 published datasets are targeted.

Target 21 — Data and information: Addressed. Commitment 14 targets at least 6 functional and interoperable platforms, including one integrated national platform, up from 2–3 non-integrated platforms. The SNIB is designated as the centralised data architecture. A three-tier governance model (operational, sectoral, strategic) is established. The SNIB environmental data governance framework was published in 2024.

Target 22 — Inclusive participation: Addressed. Commitment 22 targets at least 70% of NBSAP processes with effective IPLC participation, from a baseline of 20–30%. A dedicated window for IPLC-related issues is planned in the environmental information system. A specific legal text on indigenous peoples' rights in biodiversity governance is identified as an action.

Target 23 — Gender equality: Addressed. Commitment 23 targets 35–40% women's representation in biodiversity governance bodies, from a baseline of 15–20%. A dedicated Gender Action Plan is structured around governance participation, gender-sensitive indicators, and economic access. 600–800 women are to be trained for decision-making roles.