Argentina

National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan

Latin America and the CaribbeanApplies 2025–2030Source: Estrategia Nacional sobre la Biodiversidad y Plan de Acción 2025–2030

Translated from Spanish

1. Overview

The Estrategia Nacional sobre la Biodiversidad y Plan de Acción 2025–2030 (ENByPA 2025–2030) is Argentina's national biodiversity strategy and action plan, updating the ENByPA 2016–2020 (which was extended until 2024) and aligned with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework [§4][§17]. The ENByPA comprises three standalone documents: the National Biodiversity Strategy, the Action Plan, and a dedicated Ecological Restoration Component — a tripartite structure that is unusual among NBSAPs [§4].

The Strategy is organised around nine strategic themes and six cross-cutting themes that frame a comprehensive approach to biodiversity policy [§17]. The Action Plan sets 22 national commitments* adapted from the GBF's 23 targets, each accompanied by intermediate milestones**Argentina's NBSAP calls these "national targets" (metas nacionales). This page uses "national commitment" to avoid confusion with the 23 GBF Targets. Argentina defines 22 national commitments adapted from the 23 GBF Targets, taking into account national characteristics, priorities and capacities. and indicators adapted from CBD indicators [§4][§17]. The Ecological Restoration Component presents a theoretical framework with implementation pathways for restoration of degraded ecosystems, aligned with the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration [§4][§17].

**Each national commitment includes intermediate objectives (objetivos intermedios) identifying short-term action milestones.

The ENByPA's 22 commitments do not map one-to-one to the 23 GBF Targets. Some GBF Targets are combined (NT15 covers both GBF Target 15 on business disclosure and elements of GBF Target 19 on finance), while others are split (GBF Target 22 maps to NT20 and NT21; GBF Target 20 maps to NT22) [§11]. The strategy was developed through an intersectoral, interjurisdictional and participatory process led by the National Advisory Commission for the Conservation and Use of Biological Diversity (CONADIBIO), with financial support from the Global Environment Facility (GEF) through the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) [§4][§17]. The ENByPA operates within the framework of Article 41 of the National Constitution, the General Environmental Law (No. 25,675), and ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples (National Law No. 24,071) [§17].

Argentina's ENByPA is structured around 22 national commitments mapped — with non-trivial adaptations — to the GBF's 23 targets, anchored in a distinctive three-document architecture that includes a standalone ecological restoration component with its own national network and implementation pathways. The strategy contains no quantified finance commitments; three of the 22 national commitments carry measurable targets with defined thresholds and deadlines.

Sources:

  • §4 — Table of Contents > Executive Summary
  • §11 — Table of Contents > Action Plan (2025–2030) > National targets
  • §17 — Introduction to the National Biodiversity Strategy

2. Ecological Context

Argentina's 3.7 million km² span 18 ecoregions — 15 continental, two marine, and one in Antarctica — making it one of the most ecogeographically diverse nations globally [§22][§23]. Eight of these ecoregions are classified at the regional level as among the highest priorities for conservation: Pampa, Dry Chaco, Yungas, Paraná Delta and Islands, Atlantic Forest, Puna, and Patagonian Forests [§23]. The Argentine Sea ecoregion includes coastal environments considered unique due to the influence of the cold Malvinas Current south of the Province of Buenos Aires [§23]. These ecoregions underpin agriculture, livestock, fishing, and other regional economies that together play a predominant role in the national economy [§23].

Species richness is extensive: 9,237 vascular plant species (1,683 endemic, 18%), 26,251 arthropod species cited (estimates suggest 111,000 may be present), 3,000 marine invertebrate species, 418 native mammal species, 1,109 fish species, 1,033 bird species, and approximately 4,000 described fungal species [§24].

Among endemic vascular plants, 800 species (47.5%) are identified as threatened under IUCN categories [§25]. Among vertebrates, threat levels range from 9.1% of fish species to 29.8% of reptile species, with the Atlantic Forest and Campos and Malezales ecoregions registering the highest proportions of threatened mammals [§25].

The principal pressures are interlinked. The expansion of the agricultural frontier into previously marginal areas has driven land concentration, displacement of small-scale producers and indigenous peoples, habitat fragmentation, and contamination from excessive use of fertilisers and agrochemicals [§74][§25]. Overgrazing has favoured desertification in the Dry Chaco and Patagonian Steppe [§25]. Wetlands have suffered structural and functional alterations from changes in productive systems and urban development [§25]. The wild boar (Sus scrofa) is identified as "one of the most damaging and widely distributed invasive alien species across all ecosystems in the country, causing impacts on biodiversity, the economy and health" [§25]. Illegal trade in biodiversity "represents the main threat for many of the endangered species" [§25].

Eleven national-level studies were compiled to identify areas of importance for biodiversity (AIBs), covering 1,221,119.8 km² (27.65% of national territory, excluding Antarctica), with 58.3% continental and 41.7% marine surface [§26]. Protection levels vary sharply: approximately 85% of AIB surfaces in Patagonian Forests are under some form of protection, while less than 10% of AIB surfaces in the Espinal, Pampa, Humid Chaco, and Campos and Malezales ecoregions are protected [§26]. Geospatial data are served through the Integrated Environmental Information System (SInIA), with updates governed by CONADIBIO [§131][§132].

Sources:

  • §22 — The biodiversity of the Argentine Republic
  • §23 — The biodiversity of the Argentine Republic > Argentine ecoregions
  • §24 — The biodiversity of the Argentine Republic > Species richness
  • §25 — The biodiversity of the Argentine Republic > Current situation of biodiversity
  • §26 — The biodiversity of the Argentine Republic > Studies identifying AIBs
  • §74 — Axis 4 > Agricultural Production
  • §131 — Axis 9 > Availability of Geospatial Information on AIBs
  • §132 — Axis 9 > Dynamic Process for Updating AIBs

3. National Commitments and GBF Alignment

Argentina's 22 national commitments are grouped below by theme for navigability. The ENByPA organises its Strategy around nine strategic themes (ejes estratégicos), each linked to the Action Plan.

Conditions of Nature

NT1 — Spatial planning (GBF Target 1). By 2030, the loss or reduction of AIBs "tends towards zero," encompassing protected areas, conserved areas, areas under restoration, areas with conservation potential, and areas of sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities, within a general framework of environmental territorial management under the General Environmental Law [§11]. The compiled AIB baseline provides the spatial foundation. Measurability: Directional aspiration — "tends towards zero" sets direction without a defined threshold or baseline loss rate.

NT2 — Ecosystem restoration (GBF Target 2). By 2026, establish a National Restoration Plan and a National Ecosystem Restoration Information System; before 2030, implement equitable restoration in at least 30% of degraded terrestrial, inland water, coastal, and marine ecosystem areas [§11]. A nine-node National Ecological Restoration Network has mapped 422 restoration sites. Measurability: Measurable commitment — two deadlines, quantified threshold (30%), defined scope.

NT3 — Protected areas (GBF Target 3). By 2030, at least 30% of terrestrial and inland water areas and of marine and coastal areas are conserved through ecologically representative, well-connected, and equitably governed systems, including indigenous and traditional territories where appropriate [§11]. The Federal System of Protected Areas (SiFAP) sets sub-targets: 50% of protected areas effectively managed, financing for 50% of PAs, and 30% of PAs integrated into broader landscapes through conservation corridors [§47][§48]. Five bills for a Minimum Standards Law for Protected Areas have been submitted since 2016; all lost parliamentary status [§48]. Measurability: Measurable commitment — quantified threshold (30%), deadline (2030), defined scope.

NT4 — Species recovery (GBF Target 4). Urgently increase measures to halt causes of extinction of known threatened species, maintain and restore genetic diversity, and effectively manage human–wildlife interactions through capacity-building, education, and the dialogue of knowledges [§11]. Measurability: Directional aspiration — no quantified threshold or deadline.

Pressures

NT6 — Invasive alien species (GBF Target 6). Reduce rates of introduction and establishment of known or potential invasive alien species by at least 50% by 2030, within the framework of the National Strategy on Invasive Alien Species (ENEEI). Includes a pilot programme for eradication of the American beaver (Castor canadensis) in Tierra del Fuego and eradication programmes for species threatening "extreme endemisms" [§11][§49]. Measurability: Measurable commitment — quantified reduction (50%), deadline (2030).

NT7 — Pollution reduction (GBF Target 7). By 2030: (a) reduce excess nutrients by at least half; (b) reduce overall risk from pesticides and highly hazardous chemicals by at least half through integrated pest management; (c) prevent, reduce, and work to eliminate plastic pollution [§11]. Measurability: Measurable commitment — three quantified sub-targets with deadline.

NT8 — Climate and biodiversity (GBF Target 8). Minimise negative climate impacts on biodiversity and increase resilience. Before 2026, coordinate the strategies, plans, and projects of three named national laws — Law 24,375 (CBD), Law 24,701 (UNFCCC), and Law 27,520 (Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation) — to work synergistically [§11]. Measurability: Mixed — the 2026 coordination deadline is a measurable commitment; the broader "minimise impacts" is a directional aspiration.

NT5 — Sustainable harvest (GBF Target 5). Ensure use, harvesting, and trade of wild species is sustainable, safe, and lawful, respecting customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities [§11]. Measurability: Directional aspiration.

Tools and Solutions

NT9 — Wild species use (GBF Target 9). Ensure sustainable management of wild species provides social, economic, and environmental benefits, with protection of customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples under ILO Convention 169 [§11]. Measurability: Directional aspiration.

NT10 — Agriculture and forestry (GBF Target 10). Ensure sustainable management of agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries, and forestry through biodiversity-friendly practices including sustainable intensification and agroecological approaches [§11]. Implementation detail is extensive, covering the Code of Good Aquaculture Practices (Law No. 27,231), incentive regimes for maintaining natural habitat remnant patches, and multi-year lease incentives [§90]. Measurability: Directional aspiration — "substantial increase" without quantification.

NT11 — Ecosystem services / NbS (GBF Target 11). Restore, maintain, and enhance nature's contributions through nature-based solutions, covering air, water, and climate regulation, soil health, pollination, and disaster protection [§11]. Measurability: Directional aspiration.

NT12 — Urban biodiversity (GBF Target 12). Significantly increase the area, quality, and connectivity of urban green and blue spaces through inclusive urbanisation [§11]. Measurability: Directional aspiration.

NT13 — Genetic resources / ABS (GBF Target 13). Implement policies and capacity-building for fair and equitable benefit-sharing from genetic resources, digital sequence information (DSI), and associated traditional knowledge, achieving a significant increase in shared benefits by 2030 [§11]. The Genetic Resources Roundtable, established under Resolution 410/19, provides institutional coordination [§100]. Measurability: Directional aspiration — deadline present but threshold absent.

NT14 — Mainstreaming (GBF Target 14). Integrate biodiversity into policies, planning, and development processes. Establish an ecosystem services valuation system linked to national accounts at all levels of government [§11]. Regional coordination through UNASUR, MERCOSUR, and CELAC for shared ecoregions. Measurability: Directional aspiration.

NT15 — Finance and business disclosure (GBF Targets 15 and 19). Develop innovative financing mechanisms based on remuneration of positive socio-environmental externalities and compensation of negative ones. Encourage companies — including transnationals and financial institutions — to monitor, assess, and transparently disclose biodiversity risks, dependencies, and impacts throughout operations, supply chains, and portfolios [§11]. Measurability: Directional aspiration — "progressively reducing negative impacts" without quantified targets.

NT16 — Sustainable consumption (GBF Target 16). Before 2030, increase education and access to information so people choose sustainable consumption options, reducing food waste and substantially reducing waste generation [§11]. References the Comprehensive Environmental Education Law (No. 27,621). Measurability: Directional aspiration.

NT17 — Biosafety (GBF Target 17). Before 2030, strengthen biosafety measures for products of modern biotechnology, referencing CBD Article 8(g) [§11]. Measurability: Directional aspiration.

NT18 — Harmful subsidies (GBF Target 18). Identify, reform, or eliminate harmful incentives and replace them with incentives favouring biodiversity [§11]. No quantified subsidy reform targets. Measurability: Directional aspiration.

Implementation and Participation

NT19 — Data and information (GBF Target 21). Ensure decision-makers and society have access to data and knowledge for biodiversity governance. Access to traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples requires free, prior, and informed consent under ILO Convention 169 [§11]. Measurability: Directional aspiration.

NT20 — Inclusive participation (GBF Target 22, part 1). In compliance with the Escazú Agreement, guarantee access to information, participation, and justice, with special attention to vulnerable groups. Under ILO Convention 169, guarantee full participation of indigenous peoples in decision-making [§11]. Measurability: Directional aspiration.

NT21 — Equity (GBF Target 22, part 2). Ensure a comprehensive and equitable approach in ENByPA implementation, in accordance with Law No. 27,499 (Ley Micaela) [§11]. Measurability: Directional aspiration.

NT22 — Capacity-building and education (GBF Target 20). Develop training and education on biodiversity and sustainable use, improving the quantity and quality of offerings for formal and non-formal settings [§11]. Measurability: Directional aspiration.

Summary: Of 22 national commitments, 3 are measurable commitments (NT2, NT3, NT6), 1 is mixed (NT8), and 18 are directional aspirations. NT7 carries measurable sub-targets that mirror GBF Target 7's own thresholds. No commitments are classified as interim.

Sources:

  • §11 — Table of Contents > Action Plan (2025–2030) > National targets
  • §47 — Thematic Sub-axes > SiFAP
  • §48 — Thematic Sub-axes > Minimum Standards Law for Protected Areas
  • §49 — Thematic Sub-axes > Specific Objectives (Invasive Alien Species)
  • §90 — Axis 4 > Certification and incentives
  • §100 — Axis 4 > Rationale (Genetic Resources)

4. Delivery Architecture

Governance

CONADIBIO, created in 1994, serves as the principal coordination body, comprising 20 governmental and 6 non-governmental representatives — including indigenous peoples, universities, business chambers, trade unions, professional associations, and NGOs [§124][§126]. It meets in quarterly plenary sessions with technical working groups convened as needed [§124]. The ENByPA identifies CONADIBIO as the space to be "consolidated and formalised" for inter-institutional coordination of implementation [§116]. Implementation responsibilities fall to individual state bodies "according to their own competences, without affecting or encroaching upon the responsibilities of each area of government" [§126].

Key legislation

The constitutional framework originates with Article 41 (right to a healthy environment) and Article 124 (provinces hold original dominion over natural resources) [§127]. The General Environmental Law (No. 25,675) establishes minimum environmental quality standards. Law No. 26,331 on Minimum Standards for Environmental Protection of Native Forests provides a territorial planning framework classifying forests into conservation categories [§25]. Law No. 26,899 on Institutional Digital Repositories of Open Access underpins national data systems [§103].

Named instruments

The National Strategy on Invasive Alien Species (ENEEI) (Resolution 211/2022), formulated through a GEF project, provides the framework for IAS management [§49]. The Federal System of Protected Areas (SiFAP) coordinates national protected area policy [§47]. The National Ecological Restoration Network, with nine regional nodes and 422 mapped sites, provides restoration infrastructure. Marine biodiversity is addressed through the Federal Fisheries Council's National Action Plans — covering chondrichthyans, seabird interactions, marine mammals, and sea turtles — and a Bycatch Working Committee established in 2019 [§76].

Federal coordination

Argentina's federal structure assigns natural resource dominion to provinces. The ENByPA coordinates through COFEMA (Federal Environment Council) and promotes harmonisation of provincial and national regulations, particularly for genetic resources where utilisation is often interprovincial [§100]. Regional coordination operates through UNASUR, MERCOSUR, and CELAC for shared ecoregions.

Sources:

  • §21 — The Convention on Biological Diversity: National and International Instruments
  • §25 — Current situation of biodiversity
  • §47 — SiFAP
  • §49 — Specific Objectives (Invasive Alien Species)
  • §76 — Sustainable Fishing Practices
  • §100 — Rationale (Genetic Resources)
  • §103 — Institutional Capacities
  • §116 — Axis 8 > Specific Objectives
  • §124 — Annex I > Participatory Construction
  • §126 — Annex I > Update Process
  • §127 — Annex II > Biodiversity in the National Constitution

4a. Ecological Restoration: Argentina's Three-Pathway Approach

The ENByPA's Ecological Restoration Component is a standalone document alongside the Strategy and Action Plan — a structural choice that distinguishes Argentina's approach from most NBSAPs, where restoration is addressed within a single integrated document [§4].

The Component defines three implementation pathways. Pathway 1 addresses the baseline, information system, lessons learned, and an ecological restoration plan. Pathway 2 focuses on political commitment, participation, and financing. Pathway 3 covers capacity-building and environmental training in restoration.

Institutional infrastructure is already in place. The National Ecological Restoration Network (Red Nacional de Restauración Ecológica) comprises nine regional nodes that have collaboratively mapped 422 restoration sites nationally, with data contributed through the Pampa Node and CONADIBIO. The commitment follows a two-stage timeline: a National Restoration Plan and National Ecosystem Restoration Information System by 2026, followed by implementation in at least 30% of degraded areas by 2030 [§11].

Restoration cross-cuts multiple national commitments — spatial planning (NT1), ecosystem services (NT11), and climate (NT8) — and is linked to Argentina's alignment with the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration [§4][§17].

Sources:

  • §4 — Table of Contents > Executive Summary
  • §11 — Table of Contents > Action Plan (2025–2030) > National targets
  • §17 — Introduction to the National Biodiversity Strategy

5. Monitoring and Accountability

CONADIBIO is responsible for implementation oversight, operating through quarterly plenary sessions and technical working groups [§124]. The ENByPA characterises itself as "a dynamic process of updating and launching concrete actions through the implementation of national targets" and states that the Strategy "will also serve as a tool for society to evaluate the fulfilment of the proposed actions" [§126].

The Action Plan includes indicators adapted from CBD indicators for monitoring compliance with each of the 22 national commitments [§4][§17]. The source material does not enumerate individual indicators. Biodiversity monitoring objectives call for coordinating monitoring actions among government bodies, scientific institutions, research groups, and local populations, "with emphasis on participatory monitoring strategies with local communities" [§62]. Additional monitoring priorities include tracking the conservation status of species and environments with emphasis on threatened species, monitoring biodiversity in sustainable production activities, and harmonising monitoring systems with enforcement and control systems [§62].

Axis 7 (Prevention, Control and Oversight) commits to strengthening mechanisms for biodiversity loss prevention and oversight of activities related to biodiversity use and management, including harmonisation of prevention and control systems, review of administrative and regulatory instruments, and development of protocols for seizures, translocations, and reintroductions [§112].

Geospatial monitoring of AIBs is served through SInIA, with a defined process for proposing new AIBs or modifications through CONADIBIO plenary approval [§131][§132]. National data infrastructure includes the National Biological Data System (SNDB), National Genomic Data System (SNDG), Biodiversity Information System (SIB), National Marine Data System (SNDM), and the National Digital Repository System under Law No. 26,899 [§103].

Sources:

  • §4 — Table of Contents > Executive Summary
  • §17 — Introduction to the National Biodiversity Strategy
  • §62 — Axis 2 > Biodiversity Monitoring
  • §103 — Axis 4 > Institutional Capacities
  • §112 — Axis 7 > Specific Objectives
  • §124 — Annex I > Participatory Construction
  • §126 — Annex I > Update Process
  • §131 — Availability of Geospatial Information on AIBs
  • §132 — Dynamic Process for Updating AIBs

6. Finance and Resource Mobilisation

The ENByPA contains no budget allocations, cost estimates, or currency-denominated funding commitments for biodiversity. Finance is expressed at the level of policy intent and institutional mechanisms.

NT15 is the principal finance commitment, calling for innovative financing mechanisms based on remuneration of positive socio-environmental externalities and compensation of negative ones [§11]. For protected areas, the strategy commits to achieving financing for adequate management of at least 50% of existing and future PAs and proposes "remuneration of PA environmental services" and "biodiversity offsetting," explicitly stipulating that these mechanisms should not substitute ordinary budgets [§47][§48]. NT18 commits to identifying, reforming, or eliminating harmful subsidies but sets no quantified reform targets [§11].

NT14 proposes an ecosystem services valuation system linked to national accounts as a precursor to finance mobilisation [§11]. Agricultural incentives include a commitment to promote regimes for conservation of natural environments in agroecosystems [§90].

The NBSAP update received GEF/UNDP financial support through the Global Biodiversity Framework Early Action Support project, with a BIOFIN Argentina team contributing [§2]. The NBSAP does not describe BIOFIN outputs such as a biodiversity finance plan or expenditure review. GBF Target 19 (finance mobilisation) does not have a dedicated national commitment; finance elements are embedded within NT15.

Sources:

  • §2 — Authorities
  • §11 — Action Plan > National targets
  • §47 — SiFAP
  • §48 — Minimum Standards Law for Protected Areas
  • §90 — Axis 4 > Certification and incentives

7. GBF Target Coverage

Target 1: Spatial planning — Addressed

NT1 commits to reducing the loss of AIBs to "tend towards zero" by 2030, within a framework of environmental territorial management under the General Environmental Law. AIBs are defined broadly to include protected areas, conserved areas, areas under restoration, areas with conservation potential, and areas of sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities. Spatial planning objectives promote the ecoregional approach, municipal-level land-use planning with community participation, and integration of conservation categories including PA management categories harmonised with IUCN classifications and native forest territorial planning under Law 26,331. The compiled AIB baseline — 1,221,119.8 km² from 11 national studies — provides a quantified spatial foundation, with dynamic updating governed by CONADIBIO.

Target 2: Ecosystem restoration — Addressed

NT2 sets a two-stage commitment: a National Restoration Plan and information system by 2026, followed by equitable restoration in at least 30% of degraded areas by 2030. The dedicated Ecological Restoration Component defines three implementation pathways (baseline/information, political commitment/financing, capacity-building). The nine-node National Ecological Restoration Network has mapped 422 restoration sites. This is one of three measurable commitments in the ENByPA.

Target 3: Protected areas (30x30) — Addressed

NT3 commits to conserving at least 30% of terrestrial and marine areas by 2030. SiFAP sets subsidiary targets: 50% of PAs effectively managed, financing for 50% of PAs, and 30% of PAs integrated into broader landscapes. Conservation areas are categorised into legally protected areas, areas conserved in a complementary or subsidiary manner (including voluntary private reserves, indigenous lands, Ramsar Sites, and Biosphere Reserves), and priority areas for legal protection. Five bills for a Minimum Standards Law for Protected Areas have lost parliamentary status since 2016.

Target 4: Species recovery — Addressed

NT4 calls for urgently increasing management measures to halt extinction of threatened species, maintain and restore genetic diversity, and manage human–wildlife interactions. The NBSAP provides baseline threat data: 800 endemic vascular plant species (47.5%) threatened, and threat levels ranging from 9.1% (fish) to 29.8% (reptiles) across vertebrate groups. The target references the "dialogue of knowledges" integrating scientific and traditional knowledge.

Target 5: Sustainable harvest — Addressed

NT5 commits to ensuring sustainable, safe, and lawful use, harvesting, and trade of wild species, applying the ecosystem approach while protecting customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities. It references the risk of pathogen spread from wildlife trade and links to Axis 7 (Prevention, Control and Enforcement).

Target 6: Invasive alien species — Addressed

NT6 commits to reducing IAS introduction and establishment rates by at least 50% by 2030 within the ENEEI framework. Named actions include a pilot eradication programme for the American beaver in Tierra del Fuego and eradication programmes for species threatening extreme endemisms. The wild boar (Sus scrofa) is identified as the most damaging IAS nationally. The requirement to verify historical species presence before any restocking plans is a distinctive provision.

Target 7: Pollution reduction — Addressed

NT7 mirrors GBF Target 7's three-part structure: halving excess nutrients, halving pesticide risk through integrated pest management, and preventing/eliminating plastic pollution, all by 2030. Implementation detail covers agricultural practices including crop rotation, natural fertilisation, and oversight of agrochemical use.

Target 8: Climate and biodiversity — Addressed

NT8 commits to minimising climate impacts on biodiversity and fostering positive climate action through nature-based solutions. A near-term deadline requires coordination of three national laws (CBD, UNFCCC, and Climate Change) by 2026.

Target 9: Wild species use — Addressed

NT9 commits to ensuring sustainable wild species management provides social, economic, and environmental benefits, with explicit protection of customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples under ILO Convention 169. The target references nutrition, food security, livelihoods, health, culture, and spirituality.

Target 10: Agriculture / forestry — Addressed

NT10 commits to sustainable management of agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries, and forestry. This is one of the most extensively detailed commitments, with specific actions across agroecosystem management, the Code of Good Aquaculture Practices, incentive regimes for maintaining natural habitat remnant patches, and the regulatory framework of Law No. 27,231.

Target 11: Ecosystem services (NbS) — Addressed

NT11 commits to restoring, maintaining, and enhancing nature's contributions through nature-based solutions, enumerating specific services including air, water, and climate regulation, soil health, pollination, disease risk reduction, and disaster protection.

Target 12: Urban biodiversity — Addressed

NT12 commits to significantly increasing the area, quality, and connectivity of urban green and blue spaces through inclusive urbanisation integrating conservation, restoration, and sustainable use of native biological diversity.

Target 13: Genetic resources / ABS — Addressed

NT13 commits to fair and equitable benefit-sharing from genetic resources, DSI, and traditional knowledge by 2030. The Genetic Resources Roundtable (Resolution 410/19) provides coordination. Argentina's federal structure — provinces hold original dominion over natural resources under Article 124 of the Constitution — requires multi-jurisdictional harmonisation of ABS regulations.

Target 14: Mainstreaming — Addressed

NT14 commits to integrating biodiversity into policies and development processes, and establishing an ecosystem services valuation system linked to national accounts. Two full strategic themes (Inter-institutional Coordination and International Cooperation) support mainstreaming. Regional coordination operates through UNASUR, MERCOSUR, and CELAC.

Target 15: Business disclosure — Addressed

NT15 commits to encouraging companies, including transnational corporations and financial institutions, to periodically monitor, assess, and transparently disclose biodiversity risks, dependencies, and impacts throughout operations, supply chains, and portfolios. It also commits to providing consumers with information for sustainable consumption and reporting on ABS compliance.

Target 16: Sustainable consumption — Addressed

NT16 commits to increasing education and access to information before 2030 so people choose sustainable consumption options, reducing food waste and waste generation. The Comprehensive Environmental Education Law (No. 27,621) is the principal implementation instrument. Digital education is included alongside traditional education.

Target 17: Biosafety — Addressed

NT17 commits to strengthening biosafety measures for modern biotechnology products before 2030, referencing CBD Article 8(g). The target includes dual emphasis on risk management and promotion of biotechnology benefits.

Target 18: Harmful subsidies — Addressed

NT18 commits to identifying, reforming, or eliminating harmful incentives and replacing them with incentives favouring biodiversity. No quantified subsidy reform targets are set. The agroecosystem incentive regime for maintaining natural habitat remnant patches provides the most concrete positive-incentive mechanism.

Target 19: Finance mobilisation — Mentioned

Argentina does not have a dedicated national commitment for finance mobilisation. NT15 addresses innovative financing mechanisms based on externality remuneration and compensation. The protected area financing objective (50% of PAs adequately financed) and proposed mechanisms (environmental services remuneration, biodiversity offsetting) are the most operational finance provisions. No aggregate financial mobilisation targets or specific amounts are stated.

Target 20: Capacity and technology — Addressed

NT22 commits to developing training and education on biodiversity and sustainable use, improving offerings for formal and non-formal settings. The NBSAP identifies a structural barrier: knowledge transfer from scientific institutions to management is undervalued in the merit system. Multiple national data systems (SNDB, SNDM, SNDG, SIB) provide existing infrastructure. Participatory monitoring with local communities is a recurring capacity-building mechanism.

Target 21: Data and information — Addressed

NT19 commits to ensuring access to data and knowledge for biodiversity governance. Access to traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples requires FPIC under ILO Convention 169. Implementation operates through five sub-themes under Axis 2, supported by SInIA for geospatial data and Law 26,899 for open-access digital repositories.

Target 22: Inclusive participation — Addressed

Two national commitments address this target. NT20 invokes the Escazú Agreement for access to information, participation, and justice, and ILO Convention 169 for indigenous peoples' participation in decision-making. NT21 ensures a comprehensive and equitable approach, referencing Law 27,499 (Ley Micaela). CONADIBIO's composition — including 6 indigenous peoples' representatives, 30 NGOs, trade unions, and business chambers — demonstrates institutional representation.

Target 23: Gender equality — Mentioned

No dedicated national commitment addresses gender equality in biodiversity. NT21 references Law 27,499 (Ley Micaela), which mandates gender-based violence training for public officials, within a general equity framing applied to all social groups. No gender-disaggregated targets, indicators, or dedicated gender action plan for biodiversity are included.