Burkina Faso

National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan

Sub-Saharan AfricaApplies 2025–2030Source: National Biological Diversity Strategy

Translated from French

1. Overview

Burkina Faso's National Biological Diversity Strategy (NBDS) 2025–2030 revises the country's first NBSAP (2001–2025) to align with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework [§5]. The strategy was developed under the authority of the Ministry responsible for the Environment (MEEA), with coordination through the Permanent Secretariat of the National Council for Sustainable Development (SP/CNDD) [§15].

Rather than mapping national commitments to the 23 GBF Targets, Burkina Faso organises its NBDS around three strategic axes — conservation and restoration, sustainable use and valorisation, and governance — each subdivided into strategic objectives and expected outcomes.* Six national commitments,** termed strategic objectives, are distributed across these axes, supported by a logical framework annex containing quantified indicators with baselines and 2030 targets [§91, §142]. Three impact-level targets tie biodiversity outcomes to macroeconomic and poverty indicators: forest cover, primary sector GDP contribution, and rural poverty incidence [§90]. A fourth impact indicator — GHG emissions reduction — appears in the logical framework [§142].

The strategy is operationalised through a rolling three-year action plan; the first tranche (2025–2027) is costed at 199.574 billion FCFA, of which 52% is secured [§246]. Total implementation cost over six years is estimated at 399.148 billion FCFA (~US$644 million), shared among the State (50.84%), technical and financial partners (34.39%), territorial collectivities (8.02%), the private sector (5.49%), and NGOs (1.27%) [§136]. The security crisis, climate hazards, and declining external financing execution rates are identified as the strategy's highest-criticality implementation risks [§256].

In brief: Burkina Faso's NBDS frames biodiversity as a development instrument, anchoring its commitments to forest cover, GDP, and poverty targets. Its detailed cost-sharing formula and rolling action plan provide an implementation architecture, but armed conflict and declining partner execution rates materially constrain delivery.

* Burkina Faso organises its NBDS around three "strategic axes" (axes stratégiques) rather than discrete national targets mapped to the GBF framework.

** Termed "strategic objectives" (objectifs stratégiques) in the NBDS. This page uses "national commitment" to avoid confusion with the 23 GBF Targets. The NBDS frames its highest-level quantitative pledges as "expected impacts" (impacts attendus) rather than targets.

Sources:

  • §5 — Summary
  • §15 — I.2.1.1 State actors
  • §90 — II.4.1. Overall objective and expected impacts
  • §91 — II.4.1 > 1.1 Axes and strategic objectives
  • §136 — III.4.4–III.4.5 Financing from NGOs, CSOs / Private sector financing
  • §142 — Annexes: Logical Framework
  • §246 — 3.4. Financing mechanism
  • §256 — Part IV. Risk Analysis and Management

2. Ecological Context

Burkina Faso's climate is tropical Sudanian, alternating between a long dry season and a short rainy season [§12]. The country spans two ecological domains: the Sahelian domain in the north (300–600 mm annual rainfall, steppe vegetation) and the Sudanian domain from the centre southward — covering two-thirds of the territory — with 600–1,200 mm rainfall and savannah vegetation [§12]. Soils are predominantly arid and semi-arid [§12].

Recorded biodiversity includes 531 woody species, 1,779 herbaceous species, 301 cultivated species, 636 algae species, 120 fish species, 520 wild bird species, 140 wild mammal species, and 104 reptile species [§11]. Forest formations, agricultural ecosystems, wetlands, and mountains harbour the majority of species, with sacred woodlands described as "often wooded relics" serving as biodiversity refugia [§11].

Under the combined effects of human activity and climatic deterioration, species at risk include 350 plant species, 12 wild mammals, 19 birds, 24 reptiles, and 48 fish [§11]. Climate projections indicate more than 80% of models expect increased evapotranspiration and air temperature rises potentially exceeding 5°C under the SSP5-8.5 scenario [§12]. Heavy precipitation and flooding are expected to intensify across scenarios [§12].

The NBDS identifies high human pressure on classified areas, insufficient control and surveillance infrastructure, and weak legal protection of conservation areas as persistent shortcomings [§65]. Surface water storage capacity increased 22.35% between 2015 and 2023 (to 6,153.96 million m³), and 963,280 ha of pastoral areas underwent development between 2016 and 2020, but low registration rates for pastoral zones and insufficient demarcation remain challenges [§65].

Sources:

  • §11 — 1.1.4. Continuous degradation of ecosystems, natural habitats of biological species
  • §12 — 1.1.4–1.1.5. Deteriorating climatic conditions
  • §65 — I.4.2.1.1 In Situ Conservation and Restoration

3. National Commitments and GBF Alignment

The NBDS states its vision as: "By 2030, biodiversity is used in a fair and equitable manner so as to preserve ecosystem services and essential benefits for the benefit of women and men, through better knowledge and conservation and restoration actions" [§82]. The overall objective is "to ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of biological diversity for the improvement of socioeconomic conditions of men and women in a context of climate change" [§90].

Impact-level commitments

Four quantified impact targets anchor the strategy [§90, §142, §170]:

Impact target Baseline 2030 target
Forest cover rate 22.72% (2020) 30%
Primary sector contribution to nominal GDP 20.40% (2022) 23.9%
Rural poverty incidence 52.7% (2021) Below 49%
GHG emissions reduction rate 8.2% (2020) 29.42%

Measurability: All four are measurable commitments with quantified baselines, thresholds, and a 2030 deadline.

Commitment 1: Improve in situ conservation and restoration of biological diversity (SO 1.1)

Under Axis 1, this commitment addresses GBF Targets 2, 3, and 8. Expected outcomes cover conservation and restoration of forest and wildlife resources, and conservation of animal and fisheries resources [§93].

Key instruments include securing conservation areas through legal classification, registration, patrols, drone surveillance, and forest post construction; developing management plans for classified forests, wildlife protected areas, and OECMs; and promoting participatory management through simplified forestry cooperatives, land charters, and Village Hunting Interest Zones [§174–§178]. For animal and fisheries resources, actions include securing pastoral zones, vaccination campaigns targeting 96 million poultry, wetland restoration including rehabilitation of 30 degraded dams, and development works on Lake Dem, the Houet waterway, and Ouagadougou dams nos. 1–3 [§178–§182].

Measurability: Directional aspiration at the objective level, supported by measurable indicators: annual restoration area 50,000 ha → 275,000 ha; forests with management plan 1,562,161 ha → 4,804,711 ha; classified forest areas under management 30.04% → 40%; territory covered by classified areas 14.35% → 14.45% [§142].

Indicators: Red List Index, territory covered by classified areas, classified forests under management, annual restoration area, forests and wetlands with management plans [§142].

Commitment 2: Improve ex situ conservation of biological diversity (SO 1.2)

Also under Axis 1, this commitment addresses GBF Target 4. Expected outcomes cover conservation of both plant and animal collections [§96].

The programme includes establishment of a plant seed bank (1.5 billion FCFA), herbarium specimen collection missions, creation of 3 digitisation platforms, 4 botanical gardens, and 13 pure-strain conservatories for threatened local domestic breeds (650 million FCFA). A national gene/seed bank for domestic and wild animal species is budgeted at 1.5 billion FCFA [§184–§189].

Measurability: Directional aspiration at the objective level, with measurable indicators: vascular plants in national herbaria 15.67% → 19.97%; wild mammal species in animal parks/zoological gardens 14.29% → 21.43%; use of locally adapted breeds 40.6% → 57.6% [§142].

Commitment 3: Strengthen the knowledge and use of biological diversity (SO 2.1)

Under Axis 2, this commitment addresses GBF Targets 13, 17, and 20. Expected outcomes cover improved knowledge of biological resources and strengthened use of biological diversity [§100].

Modern biotechnology is the most heavily funded research action (10.67 billion FCFA), including production of 42 million fry in fish farming stations as the single largest line item [§195]. Biosafety actions include awareness sessions for 6,000 people, GMO use authorisation evaluations, and 32 inspections at GMO sites and during transboundary movements [§195]. The strategy programmes DSI training and awareness sessions and a study on the current state of DSI use [§194]. Intellectual property activities include developing a directory of results eligible for IP protection [§196].

Measurability: Directional aspiration at the objective level, with measurable indicators: technologies/innovations in environmental and agricultural sciences 12 → 62; stakeholders with strengthened capacities 0% → 35% [§142].

Commitment 4: Improve the valorisation of biological diversity (SO 2.2)

Under Axis 2, this commitment addresses GBF Targets 9 and 10. Expected outcomes cover improved processing of agro-sylvo-pastoral, hunting, and fisheries products and improved market access [§103].

Instruments include 138 technology transfers for NTFP processing, 12 NTFP processing units, 15 purchasing counters, 25 cold rooms, and construction of 2 tourist camps and 10 observation towers [§202–§208]. The strategy targets NTFP collection rising from 981,314 to 1,300,000 tonnes by 2030 and processed NTFPs for export from 10.76% to 50% [§142].

Measurability: Directional aspiration at the objective level, with measurable indicators: NTFPs collected 981,314 → 1,300,000 tonnes; processing rate of NTFPs 63.69% → 85%; visitors to wildlife protected areas 1,687 → 7,800 [§142].

Commitment 5: Improve the political, legal, and organisational framework (SO 3.1)

Under Axis 3, this commitment addresses GBF Targets 14, 15, and 22. Expected outcomes cover a strengthened political and legal framework and a strengthened organisational framework [§143].

Planned actions include development of a national strategy on plant genetic resources, revision of the Forestry Code (20,000 thousand FCFA, TFP-funded), revision of regional development plans to integrate biodiversity, drafting decrees on benefit-sharing and access to genetic resources, and dissemination of Law 020-2019/AN on plant genetic resources [§212, §213].

Measurability: Directional aspiration at the objective level, with measurable indicators: local development plans integrating environment/SD/CC 43.08% → 60%; legal texts drafted/revised 0% → 100%; functional steering and coordination bodies 75% → 100%; environmental units 292 → 876 [§142, §143].

Commitment 6: Ensure effective implementation of the strategy (SO 3.2)

Under Axis 3, this commitment addresses GBF Targets 19, 20, and 21. Expected outcomes cover planning of interventions, increased resource mobilisation, and improved visibility [§143].

Key targets include a financial resource mobilisation rate of 0% → 90%, state budget for biodiversity 134.44 billion → 150 billion FCFA, schools awarded Eco-School label 0% → 7.5%, and national biodiversity reports 8 → 20 by 2030 [§143, §145].

Measurability: Directional aspiration at the objective level, with measurable indicators including financial resource mobilisation rate, state budget allocation, and report production targets [§143, §145].

Holding objectives

Several logical framework indicators set 2030 targets equal to their baselines, indicating a holding objective: fully protected wildlife species (335), partially protected wildlife species (440), fully protected plant species (23), invasive plant species (42), fish species threatened with extinction (48), and plant species threatened with extinction (350) [§142].

Sources:

  • §82 — II.2. Vision
  • §90 — II.4.1. Overall objective and expected impacts
  • §93 — Strategic objective 1.1
  • §96 — Strategic objective 1.2
  • §100 — Strategic objective 2.1
  • §103 — Strategic objective 2.2
  • §142 — Annexes: Logical Framework
  • §143 — Annexes: Logical Framework (continued)
  • §145 — Annexes: Performance Measurement Framework (continued)
  • §170 — 1.4.2. Expected impacts
  • §174–§182 — EO 1.1.1–EO 1.1.2 actions
  • §184–§189 — EO 1.2.1–EO 1.2.2 actions
  • §194–§196 — EO 2.1.1 actions
  • §202–§208 — EO 2.2.1–EO 2.2.2 actions
  • §212–§213 — EO 3.1.1–EO 3.1.2 actions

4. Delivery Architecture

Legislative framework

The strategy rests on a substantial body of legislation. The Forestry Code (Law No. 003-2011/AN) sets principles for sustainable management of forestry, wildlife, and fishery resources and requires Environmental Impact Assessments before certain activities [§35]. The Environment Code (Law No. 006-2013/AN) requires Strategic Environmental Assessments, EIAs, or Environmental Impact Notices for activities with significant environmental impacts [§39]. The Framework Law for Agro-Sylvo-Pastoral, Fishery and Wildlife Activities (Law No. 070-2015/CNT) commits the State to conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources and recognises "the inalienable rights of local communities regarding access to their traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources, as well as the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising therefrom" [§41].

Sector-specific laws address biosafety (Law No. 064-2012/AN, requiring containment measures and risk assessment before any intentional release of GMOs) [§38], genetic improvement of livestock (Law No. 037-2012-AN) [§37], plant protection (Law No. 025-2017-AN) [§42], and access to plant genetic resources and benefit-sharing (Law No. 020-2019/AN, implementing the ITPGRFA) [§42]. The NBDS notes, however, that "the insufficient application of certain laws, due among other things to the absence of implementing texts, lack of awareness of the texts and their limited dissemination, constitutes some weaknesses of the legislative and regulatory framework" [§42].

Implementation architecture

Implementation proceeds through Rolling Three-Year Action Plans (PATG), operationalised through Annual Work Plans at national level and communal and regional annual investment plans at decentralised level [§114, §229]. Supporting plans include a communication plan, monitoring-evaluation plan, resource mobilisation plan, capacity-building plan, and technical and scientific cooperation plan [§114].

The State's central and deconcentrated structures implement strategic options, with territorial collectivities participating through Regional Development Plans and Communal Development Plans. Civil society organisations serve as interfaces between state structures, technical and financial partners, and grassroots communities [§231–§233].

Key national strategies

The NBDS draws on an array of cross-sectoral instruments: the Sectoral Policy "Environment, Water and Sanitation" (PS-EEA) 2018–2027 [§51]; the National Agroecology Development Strategy (SND-AE) 2022–2026 [§62]; the National Climate Change Adaptation Plan (NAP) to 2030 [§56]; and the National Strategy for Soil Restoration, Conservation and Recovery (SNRCRS) 2020–2024 [§58]. The Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) 2021–2025 commits to reducing GHG emissions by 31,682.3 Gg CO₂eq by 2030 [§81]. The National Gender Strategy (SNG) 2020–2024 is referenced as a cross-cutting instrument but the NBDS itself does not operationalise gender mainstreaming in biodiversity actions [§81].

Sources:

  • §35 — Law No. 003-2011/AN, Forestry Code
  • §37 — Law No. 037-2012-AN, Genetic Improvement of Livestock
  • §38 — Law No. 064-2012/AN, Biosafety Regime
  • §39 — Law No. 006-2013/AN, Environment Code
  • §41 — Law No. 070-2015/CNT, Framework Law for ASPFW Activities
  • §42 — Law No. 025-2017-AN, Plant Protection
  • §51 — PS-EEA 2018–2027
  • §56 — NAP to 2030
  • §58 — SNRCRS 2020–2024
  • §62 — SND-AE 2022–2026
  • §81 — II.1.3. At the national level
  • §114 — III.1. Implementation Instruments
  • §229 — 3.1.1. Implementation instruments
  • §231–§233 — 3.1.2. Implementation actors

4a. Security, Climate, and Implementation Risk

The NBDS identifies four implementation risks, two of which receive the highest criticality ratings [§256]:

Security crisis. Armed conflict is not a peripheral risk in the NBDS — it directly constrains protected area surveillance and financing. TFP execution rates declined from 74.38% in 2016 to 46.59% in 2022, attributed explicitly to "the difficult security situation" [§45]. The security crisis is rated alongside climate hazards as a high-occurrence, high-impact threat (criticality 9/9) [§256]. Mitigation measures include strengthening advocacy for increased State budget allocation and submitting concept notes to innovative financing mechanisms [§256].

Climate hazards. Flooding, violent winds, droughts, and extreme heat receive the same 9/9 criticality rating [§256]. Mitigation measures include implementing climate change adaptation and mitigation projects, strengthening early warning systems, and building capacity of climate adaptation institutions [§256].

Socio-political and institutional instability and unfavourable economic and financial conditions are rated as medium-occurrence risks with high impact (criticality 6/9) [§256]. External resource mobilisation faces risks from "an international environment marked by economic, financial and diplomatic crises" affecting TFP financing capacities [§255].

These risks interact: declining security constrains field operations and deters external financing, while climate stress compounds pressures on the natural resource base that the strategy aims to protect. The strategy's response centres on diversifying financing sources — environmental taxation, innovative financing mechanisms, and strengthened advocacy — rather than addressing the security constraint directly [§256].

Sources:

  • §45 — I.3.2. Insufficient Financial and Material Resources
  • §255 — Unfavourable economic and financial conditions
  • §256 — Unfavourable economic and financial conditions > Climate hazards

5. Monitoring and Accountability

The Ministry responsible for the Environment (MEEA) holds primary responsibility for implementation and monitoring, operating through the SP/CNDD as the national focal structure for the CBD and Nagoya Protocol [§15].

Steering bodies

Four bodies operate at central and deconcentrated levels: a national technical steering committee that validates programming and monitoring reports; sectoral thematic groups meeting twice yearly at the sectoral level; the Regional Directorate Council (CDR), meeting quarterly; and the Regional Thematic Group (GTR), meeting twice yearly to validate regional assessment and programming reports [§121–§125, §236–§240].

Monitoring-evaluation mechanism

The M&E system operates at three levels: regional directorates collect data from local stakeholders, validated through CDR and GTR sessions; sectoral-level data are consolidated through budget programme managers and validated during ministerial advisory council sessions; national-level data are prepared by the Thematic Group technical committee and transmitted to the CBD convention secretariat [§128, §243].

M&E tools include the DPSIR-based indicator dashboard system, the Planning and Results Monitoring-Evaluation Information System (SIPSER), the National Observatory for the Environment and Sustainable Development (ONEDD) with its biodiversity CHM platform, and the Cartagena and Nagoya Protocol information exchange centres [§129, §244]. The strategy targets 100% of programming and M&E documents produced annually by 2030, and national biodiversity reports rising from 8 to 20 [§145].

Evaluation schedule

A mid-term evaluation in 2028 will assess the functioning of all bodies, examine achievement of objectives, and allow revision of intervention logic, conducted by the DGESS/MEEA (15,000 thousand FCFA) [§130, §245]. A final evaluation in 2030 will mobilise independent expertise under a technical monitoring committee [§130, §245].

The strategy targets raising the proportion of functional steering and coordination bodies from 75% to 100% and functional consultation bodies from 14.29% to 100% by 2030 [§108, §213]. The NBDS notes, however, that "the absence of exchange frameworks related to biosafety and ABS, and the non-functionality of certain consultation frameworks due to lack of financial resources, constitute the main shortcomings of the organisational and institutional framework" [§17].

Sources:

  • §15 — I.2.1.1 State actors
  • §17 — I.2.1.3 Multi-stakeholder consultation
  • §108 — EO 3.1.1
  • §121–§125 — III.3. Organisational Framework
  • §128–§130 — III.4.2. Monitoring-evaluation mechanism / 2.4. Evaluation
  • §213 — Action 3.1.1.2
  • §236–§245 — 3.2–3.3 Steering and M&E framework

6. Finance and Resource Mobilisation

The total cost of implementing the NBDS 2025–2030 is 399.148 billion FCFA (~US$644 million) [§131]. The first rolling action plan (2025–2027) is costed at 199.574 billion FCFA: 104.115 billion (52%) secured, 95.458 billion (48%) to be mobilised [§246].

Cost sharing

Actor 3-year allocation (billion FCFA) Share
State 101.46 50.84%
Technical and Financial Partners 68.64 34.39%
Territorial Collectivities 16.00 8.02%
Private sector 10.95 5.49%
NGOs/CSOs 2.53 1.27%

Conservation and restoration (Axis 1) accounts for 142.54 billion FCFA (71.4%) of the three-year plan; sustainable use and valorisation (Axis 2) for 55.37 billion; governance (Axis 3) for 1.67 billion [§246].

Domestic finance

State budget allocated to biodiversity stood at 134.44 billion FCFA in 2022, with a target of 150 billion by 2030 [§257]. Three public funds channel domestic resources: the Environment Intervention Fund (FIE), the Agency for Support to Territorial Collectivity Development, and the National Research and Innovation Fund for Development [§247]. Over 2020–2022, total spending on biodiversity-related actions across all sources reached 1,216.52 billion FCFA [§45].

External finance

TFP resources mobilised over 2016–2022 totalled 84.99 billion FCFA, though execution rates fell from 74.38% to 46.59% due to the security situation [§45]. The strategy identifies seven multilateral mechanisms: GEF, Adaptation Fund, CDM, Green Climate Fund, Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (REDD+), Article 6 carbon market mechanism, and the Benefit-sharing Fund of the ITPGRFA [§249]. MEA-related funding stood at 390 billion FCFA in 2022, with a target of 450 billion by 2030 [§257].

Private sector and subsidy reform

Private sector finance is channelled through two named banks: the Agricultural Bank of Burkina Faso and Coris Bank International SA, which is preparing Green Climate Fund accreditation [§251]. The strategy includes a target to reduce fossil fuel subsidy expenditure from 259,311 million to 200,000 million FCFA by 2030 — an uncommon cross-sectoral linkage in NBSAPs [§142].

The strategy targets a financial resource mobilisation rate of 90% by 2030 and identifies environmental taxation strengthening and innovative financing mechanisms as risk mitigation measures [§220, §256].

Sources:

  • §45 — I.3.2. Insufficient Financial and Material Resources
  • §131 — III.4. Financing Mechanism
  • §142 — Annexes: Logical Framework
  • §220 — EO 3.2.2. Resource mobilisation
  • §246 — 3.4. Financing mechanism
  • §247 — 3.4.1. State financing
  • §249 — 3.4.3. Cooperation financing
  • §251 — 3.4.5. Private sector financing
  • §256 — Part IV. Risk Analysis and Management
  • §257 — Annexes: Performance Measurement Framework

7. GBF Target Coverage

Target 1 — Spatial planning: Mentioned. The 2012 Agrarian and Land Reorganisation Law establishes biodiversity conservation as a general principle of spatial planning and designates special protection zones for forest areas and wetlands. The logical framework targets the proportion of landscape management sites developed to rise from 25% to 65% by 2030. Spatial planning is not developed as a standalone strategy element.

Target 2 — Ecosystem restoration: Addressed. Ecosystem restoration is a central pillar under Commitment 1. The strategy targets annual restoration area rising from 50,000 ha to 275,000 ha, forests with management plans from 1,562,161 ha to 4,804,711 ha, and forest cover from 22.72% to 30% by 2030. Specific water body restoration covers Lake Dem, the Houet waterway, and Ouagadougou dams nos. 1–3. Axis 1 receives 71.4% of the 2025–2027 action plan budget.

Target 3 — Protected areas (30×30): Addressed. As of 2020, 1,350 conservation areas cover 4,367,552 ha (15.93% of the territory). Territory coverage by classified areas is targeted to increase from 14.35% to 14.45% by 2030. Between 2016 and 2023, 285 new conservation areas were created and 10 sites inscribed on the Ramsar list. OECMs — defined to include sacred woodlands, village forests, and community plantations — total 106,822.65 ha, but have no specified 2030 target and 0% management plan coverage. The strategy targets classified forest areas under management rising from 30.04% to 40% and registered classified areas from 21.05% to 50%. Over 2016–2023, 126,896 forestry police patrols were conducted with more than 5,000 offences recorded.

Target 4 — Species recovery: Addressed. The Red List Index is targeted to rise from 0.988 to 0.9906 by 2030. Species protection numbers for fully protected wildlife (335), partially protected wildlife (440), fully protected plants (23), threatened fish (48), and threatened plants (350) are maintained at baselines — holding objectives rather than recovery targets. The rate of use of locally adapted or indigenous breeds is targeted to increase from 40.6% to 57.6%. Ex situ actions include a national gene/seed bank, 13 pure-strain conservatories for threatened local domestic breeds, and 4 botanical gardens.

Target 5 — Sustainable harvest: Mentioned. The Forestry Code and concession system provide the regulatory framework. Over 2016–2023, 126,896 forestry police patrols were conducted. The strategy does not set sustainable harvesting rates or trade management targets.

Target 6 — Invasive alien species: Mentioned. The logical framework tracks invasive plant species at 42, with a holding target. The action plan programmes invasive plant removal from 20 dams and water reservoirs. No strategy for reducing new introductions or pathway management is articulated.

Target 7 — Pollution reduction: Mentioned. The strategy targets zero plastic bag use per household in the three largest cities by 2030 (from 5), plastic waste recycling from 5,462 to 55,462 tonnes, and solid waste collected from 434,223 to 3,267,184 tonnes. Awareness on biopesticides and biofertilisers is programmed for 1,050 producers. No targets for halving nutrient losses or reducing pesticide risk are set.

Target 8 — Climate and biodiversity: Addressed. The GHG emissions reduction rate is targeted at 29.42% by 2030, linked to the NDC. Climate change adaptation and mitigation technology adoption rates are both targeted at 100% (from baselines above 95%). Climate hazards are rated the highest-criticality risk to strategy implementation (9/9). The NAP to 2030 serves as a complementary instrument.

Target 9 — Wild species use: Mentioned. Wild species management is addressed through the Forestry Code and the concession system for hunting and fishing zones. The strategy does not articulate specific sustainable use policies beyond the existing regulatory framework.

Target 10 — Agriculture/forestry: Addressed. Sustainable agriculture and pastoral management are addressed through the National Agroecology Development Strategy and the PNIASP. Land cover change through sustainable agro-sylvo-pastoral management is targeted to increase from 50,000 ha to 275,000 ha. The action plan programmes 24,000 tonnes of subsidised improved seeds, 16,500 kg of fodder tree seeds, demarcation of 59,672 ha of pastoral zones, and development of 900 km of cattle tracks.

Target 11 — Ecosystem services (NbS): Mentioned. Forest cover, restoration, and wetland management targets contribute to maintaining ecosystem services. The National Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (NP-BES) was established in collaboration with WASCAL/CABES. The strategy does not frame actions in terms of nature-based solutions or set explicit ecosystem service targets.

Target 12 — Urban biodiversity: Mentioned. Green space per urban inhabitant is targeted to increase from 0.68 to 1.28 m²/inhabitant by 2030. Solid waste collection and plastic bag elimination targets are urban-relevant. No dedicated urban biodiversity strategy addressing ecological connectivity or biodiversity-inclusive urban planning is presented.

Target 13 — Genetic resources/ABS: Addressed. Burkina Faso ratified the Nagoya Protocol in 2013. The 2015 Framework Law guarantees local community rights over traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources. Law 020-2019/AN implements the ITPGRFA. The strategy programmes DSI training and awareness sessions and a study on the current state of DSI use. The Nagoya Protocol ABS information exchange centre is integrated into the M&E architecture.

Target 14 — Mainstreaming: Mentioned. The Environment Code requires EIA/SEA for significant activities, and the ESMP implementation monitoring rate is targeted to increase from 44.12% to 50%. The NBDS itself identifies limited biodiversity integration into national and local planning as a gap.

Target 15 — Business disclosure: Addressed. Large enterprises publishing biodiversity risk information is targeted to rise from 0% to 100% by 2030. Enterprises implementing positive biodiversity incentives are targeted at 0% to 80%. The 0% baselines indicate no existing corporate biodiversity disclosure infrastructure. Coris Bank International SA is preparing Green Climate Fund accreditation.

Target 16 — Sustainable consumption: Mentioned. The National Green Economy Strategy references greening production processes. Plastic waste targets are the primary consumption-related indicators. No targets for halving food waste or reducing ecological footprint are set.

Target 17 — Biosafety: Addressed. The legal framework comprises Law No. 064-2012/AN on biosafety, the Cartagena Protocol (ratified 2003), the Nagoya-Kuala Lumpur Supplementary Protocol (ratified 2018), and the ECOWAS regulation on biotechnological risks (2020). The action plan programmes 6,000 awareness recipients, 32 GMO site inspections, and 36 biosafety product controls over 2025–2027. Modern biotechnology is the most heavily funded research action at 10.67 billion FCFA. All biosafety activities are State-funded through MESRI.

Target 18 — Harmful subsidies: Mentioned. Fossil fuel subsidy expenditure is targeted to decrease from 259,311 million to 200,000 million FCFA by 2030, tracked through MEMC performance reports. No broader discussion of identifying or reforming biodiversity-harmful subsidies accompanies this indicator.

Target 19 — Finance mobilisation: Addressed. Total strategy cost is 399.148 billion FCFA with a detailed five-actor cost-sharing formula. The 2025–2027 plan is 52% secured. The strategy targets a 90% financial resource mobilisation rate by 2030. State budget for biodiversity is targeted to rise from 134.44 to 150 billion FCFA, and MEA-related funding from 390 to 450 billion. Actions include development of a resource mobilisation strategy, advocacy with TFPs, strengthening environmental taxation, and submitting concept notes to innovative financing mechanisms.

Target 20 — Capacity and technology: Addressed. Technologies and innovations in environmental and agricultural sciences are targeted to increase from 12 to 62 by 2030. The strategy targets 35% of biodiversity stakeholders with strengthened capacities. Actions include training anti-poaching officers, recruiting water and forestry officers, constructing a multipurpose herbarium room and gene bank with energy autonomy, and establishing the NP-BES science-policy platform with WASCAL.

Target 21 — Data and information: Addressed. The three-level M&E mechanism formalises data flow from regional to national to convention secretariat level. Existing systems integrated include SIPSER, ONEDD/CHM, DISE, the national MRV platform, and Nagoya/Cartagena exchange centres. The DPSIR system is adopted for indicator dashboards. National biodiversity reports are targeted to rise from 8 to 20, and platforms disseminating biodiversity information from 2 to 7 by 2030.

Target 22 — Inclusive participation: Mentioned. The 2015 Framework Law guarantees local community rights over traditional knowledge. Participatory management of conservation areas is a programmed action. The strategy targets 30% of populations made aware of biodiversity importance by 2030. No specific mechanisms for equitable participation of indigenous peoples, women, youth, or persons with disabilities are established.

Target 23 — Gender equality: Mentioned. The strategy's objective references "men and women." The logical framework includes one indicator: female staff in the Ministry responsible for environment targeted to rise from 17.21% to 24% by 2030. The National Gender Strategy is referenced as a cross-cutting instrument, but the NBDS does not operationalise gender mainstreaming in biodiversity actions. No gender-disaggregated biodiversity outcome indicators are set.